Brazil | Gender in Infrastructure

Legal Framework and Institutional Mechanisms

Convention on the Elimination of All forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW). Accession in 1984. Ratification of the Optional Protocol in 2002. Main reference document for equality between men and women. Through its ratification or accession to it the States are legally bound to adopt all necessary measures, including special temporary measures and laws, in order for women to fully enjoy all their human rights and fundamental freedoms.
Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action (1995). The signatory countries take responsibility for the implementation of the Platform for Action, in which 12 critical areas of concern for the advancement of women are defined.
Political Constitution and reforms (1988). It establishes equality of rights and obligations between men and women. It prohibits gender pay gaps as well as any gender-based disparities regarding function, execution and admission criteria.
National Council for Women's Rights (1985). It promotes policies aimed at eradicating discrimination against women and guaranteeing their participation in political, economic and cultural activities.
Secretariat for Women´s Policies (2003). It advises the Presidency regarding policy formulation and development in favour of women.
Gender Observatory (2009). It supports development and implementation of gender-responsive public policies within the country and disseminates information on gender inequality and women's rights.

Equal opportunities

Program for Gender and Racial Equality (2005). It promotes equality between women and men in the workplace in regards to human resource management and organizational culture.
Act 9.799 (1999). Through it certain amendments are made with the goal of correcting distortions affecting women's access to the labor market. Its aim is to avoid all forms of discrimination; among others, gender-based discrimination.
National Employment and Dignified Work Plan (2010). It aims at generating more and better jobs, where equal treatment and opportunities prevail.
National Plan on Policies for Women 2013 - 2015. It promotes the access to and permanence of women in professional training areas not traditionally associated with women, such as technology.
Labor Code (1998). It establishes that statutes regulating men's labor are to be equally applicable to women's labor.

Personal and labor conciliation

Act 10.421 (2002). 4 months maternity leave (6 months for civil servants), with no prejudice to their job or salary.Paternity leave shall comprise 5 paid days (and up to 20 days for employees working for companies involved in the Empresa Ciudadana program).

Violence due to gender

Act 13.104 (2015). It classifies femicide within the Criminal Code; femicide understood as murder "of women because of their being female" and when said crime involves domestic and family violence; discrimination or contempt for the female condition.

Legal Framework and Institutional Mechanisms

Equal opportunities

Personal and labor conciliation

Violence due to gender

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